Chemistry homework help please??

Posted on 2015-10-21 06:59:00 in Chemistry by PHILIP

Which of the following BEST describes the purpose of effective nuclear charge?

1. It is used to rationalize chemical bonding in covalently bonded molecules.

2. It is a method to evaluate how much attraction a given electron “feels” from the nucleus so that periodic trends can be predicted and rationalized.

3. It is a measure of how many protons a given atom has which is useful because of variations from isotope to isotope.

4. It exists only to torture foolish CH 301 students who did not study.

5. It is used to determine the number of valence electrons of a given species.

6. It is a measure of the effect of filled and half-filled subshells on the stability of atoms and ions.

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