Units of Dipole Moment.

The charge present on the ends of the molecule is usually of the order of 10 ^-10esu and the distance between the atoms (i.e. bond length) is usually of the order of 10^-8cm(i.e. A units),therefore, must be fo the order of  10^-10 X 10^-18 esu cm. This value is called 1 Debye (after the name of the pioneer worker in this field). Thus

                            1 Debye = 10 ^-18 esu cm.

Vector nature of the dipole moment.
The dipole moment is a vector quantity i.e. it has bother magnitude as well as directing. It is, therefore, represented by an arrow pointing form the +ve end to the –ve end of the molecule i.e.

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