Magnetization (M)

When a magnetic material is placed in a magnetic field, the elementary current-loops in the material become aligned parallel to the field. The material is then magnetized, and acquires a magnetic dipole moment.

Magnetisation M of the material is defined as the magnetic dipole moment induced per unit volume of the material. Unit of M is Am^-1. Let m be the magnetic dipole moment of a specimen of volume V. Then

        M = m/V

In an unmagnetized matter M will be zero. In a uniformly magnetized matter, each atomic magnetic dipole will point in the same direction and magnetization M will be constant throughout.


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