Laws of Resistance

The resistance of wire depends upon its length, area of cross-section, type of material, purity and hardness for material of which it is made of and working temperature,
Resistance of wire is
(i)    directly proportional to its length i.e. R ∝ l
(ii)    inversely proportional to its area of x-section i.e. R ∝ I
                                                                                    a
  or    R ∝ l
               a

  or    R = p   l
                  a

where p (rho) is constant depending upon the nature of the material and is known as specific resistance or resistivity of the material.

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