D’Alembert principle states that “A moving fluid mass may be brought to a static equilibrium position, by applying an imaginary inertia force of the same magnitude as that of the accelerating force but in the opposite direction.”

This principle is used to change the dynamic equilibrium of fluid mass into a static equilibrium.

By D’Alembert Principle,

Accelerating force-Inertia force=0

F – ma = 0
F – m. dv / dt = 0

Where

 m= mass of the body
 v = velocity of the body
 dv / dt = Rate of change of velocity

The following are the important cases under consideration:
(i)    Liquid subjected to horizontal acceleration.
(ii)    Liquid subjected to vertical acceleration.

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