Process of Communication

 A process is “a systematic series of actions, operations or series of changes directed twosome end.” Communication process consists of a series of elements which result in sharing of meaning by sender and receiver. These elements are discussed below:

1.    Sender:

Sender is the person who initiates, generates and sends the message. He represents the source of message. Communication process begins when sender develops and idea or message he wants to transmit. He arranges the ideas in a manner that can be understood by the receiver.

2.    Message:

Message is the idea or information that sender wants to convey. He may convey it verbally (by writing or speaking) or non-verbally (through gestures or body language).Whatever the form, the message is clearly formed so that objectives accomplished.

3.    Encoding:

Once the sender is clear of what message he wants to transmit, he decides the code through which the message shall be transmitted. Encoding means giving meaning to the massage or converting ideas into codes which can be understood by the receive. Encoding mean translating the message in words (written or spoken), symbols or gestures. The code should be appropriate to the situation. It should be interpreted by the recovering he manner intended.

4. Tranmission:

Transmission involves selecting the medium or channel of communication. If massage into be sent is to besetting writing, sender may select the electronic channel of mail or fax short messages can be transmitted through telephone but lengthy messages should be sent through letters or circulars.

Choice of channels depends upon the message to be conveyed, personal biases of the sender and nature of information. Short messages are generally sent through telephone. Where drawings, charts and illustrations form part of the message, it is sent in writing. Personal biases include sender’s preference for particular channels. Some in senders prefer to communicate in writing, even if the massage is short. Nature of information refers to urgency and confidentiality of information. Confidential information where immediate feedback is required is generally transmitted orally.

5. Receiver:

Receiver is the person or a group of person to whom the message discounted. In case so telephonic conversation; sender can send the massage to one receiver but in case of group discussions, seminars and conferences, the number of recovers is more than one. The message must be designed; encoded and transmitted in a manner that receiver can understand easily. Use of technical words, jargons symbols should be avoided.

6. Decoding:

Decoding means giving meaningful interpretation to the message. On receiving the message, the receiver translates the symbols into meaningful information to the best of his ability. Communication ineffective if receiver understands the message in the same way as intended by the sender. The receiver must, therefore, be familiar with codes and symbols used by the sender.

7. Noise:

It represents the disturbing factor in the process of communication. It interferes with effective communication and reduces clarity of the message. The message Amy be iterated differently by the receiver. Conversing near a machine, disturbance in telephone line, physical ailment or mental distress of sender or receiver, psychological barites (degree of trust, fear, perception.) are the common causes of noise that obstruct the quality of message.

8. Feedback:

Feedback receiver’s response to the message. The receiver communicates his reaction to the sender through words, symbols or gestures. It is the reversal of communication process where recover becomes the sender and sender becomes the recover. Unless there receiver responds to the message, communication process will not be complete. Feedback helps the sender transform his message, if needed. It allows the receiver to clear doubts on the message asks questions to develop confidence and enables the sender to know efficiency of the message. Feedback makes the communication process complete.

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